Background of the Study
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a widespread nutritional disorder among adolescent girls, primarily due to inadequate dietary intake, menstrual blood loss, and increased iron demands during puberty. It leads to fatigue, weakness, poor academic performance, and long-term health complications (Eze & Mohammed, 2023).
In Taraba State, many adolescent girls suffer from IDA due to limited access to iron-rich foods, cultural dietary restrictions, and a lack of awareness regarding proper nutrition. The consequences of IDA extend beyond physical health, affecting cognitive function and productivity. Addressing this issue is essential for improving adolescent health outcomes and educational achievement.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the recognized impact of iron deficiency anemia on adolescent girls' health and academic performance, it remains a neglected public health issue in Taraba State. Many adolescent girls continue to suffer from IDA without adequate interventions. This study aims to investigate the prevalence, causes, and impact of iron deficiency anemia among adolescent girls in Taraba State.
Objectives of the Study
1. To determine the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among adolescent girls in Taraba State.
2. To identify dietary and non-dietary factors contributing to IDA.
3. To assess the effectiveness of iron supplementation programs in addressing IDA.
Research Questions
1. What is the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among adolescent girls in Taraba State?
2. What dietary and non-dietary factors contribute to IDA?
3. How effective are iron supplementation programs in reducing IDA?
Research Hypotheses
1. Iron deficiency anemia is highly prevalent among adolescent girls in Taraba State.
2. Poor dietary habits and menstrual blood loss contribute significantly to IDA.
3. Iron supplementation programs have a positive impact on reducing IDA prevalence.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on adolescent girls attending secondary schools in Taraba State. Limitations may include difficulties in obtaining accurate dietary intake data and challenges in ensuring compliance with iron supplementation.
Definitions of Terms
• Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA): A condition characterized by a lack of sufficient iron to produce healthy red blood cells.
• Menstrual Blood Loss: The loss of iron through menstruation, which can contribute to anemia in adolescent girls.
• Iron Supplementation: The intake of iron-rich tablets or fortified foods to prevent or treat anemia.
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